Children's Day 2025: Docs highlight the why children need to protect their eyes

While most Indians are busy celebrating Childrenrsquos Day today its important to also focus on the health of every child which can worsen during cold weather apart from other times of the year Dr Cyres K Mehta surgical chief at Dr Cyres K Mehtarsquos International Eye Centre explains ldquoChildrenrsquos eyes are more sensitive to environmental changes During the winter humidity drops and cold winds cause dryness and irritation Indoor heating and air pollution further reduce moisture in the air leading to dry eyes redness and itching Additionally children tend to rub their eyes more frequently which can introduce bacteria or viruses increasing infection riskrdquomidday spoke to Dr Mehta and Dr Nitin Kolte medical director and chief surgical ophthalmologist at Poona Eye Care to understand more about how winter affects a childrsquos eyes They not only bust common myths but also highlight how parents can deal with itHow do environmental factors like smoke smog and dust specifically affect childrenrsquos eyesDr Kolte Environmental factors like smoke smog and dust can have a stronger and more harmful impact on childrenrsquos eyes than on adultsrsquo because kidsrsquo eyes and immune defenses are still developing Exposure to these can lead to symptoms like redness itchiness tearing burninggritty sensation Sometimes the dust particles can cause physical damage to the surface of cornea leading to abrasions and infectionsAny symptoms parents should watch out for such as redness watering itching or blurred visionDr Kolte Most common symptoms to watch out for include redness increased tearing irritation eye rubbing visual discomfort blurring of vision discharge or crusting on lid margins sensitivity to lightWhat are some of the most common eye irritations or infections seen in children during winterDr Mehta Here are some to look to look for1 Allergic conjunctivitis Triggered by dust smog and indoor allergens2 Viral conjunctivitis pink eye Highly contagious and often spreads in schools3 Dryeye irritation Due to low humidity and indoor heating4 Blepharitis Inflammation along the eyelid margin from poor eyelid hygiene or bacterial buildup5 Stye or chalazion Small bumps caused by blocked oil glandsHow can parents differentiate between mild irritation and signs of a serious condition that needs medical attentionDr Mehta Mild irritation usually presents as slight redness itching or watering that improves within 24ndash48 hoursSerious symptoms include1 Persistent redness or swelling beyond two days2 Puslike discharge or sticky eyelids3 Severe pain light sensitivity or blurred vision4 Sudden eyelid swelling or feverIf any of these appear parents should consult an ophthalmologist immediatelyWhen should parents consult an eye specialist during the winter seasonDr Kolte While routine eye checkup in kids is a must but winter brings special challenges for childrenrsquos eyes due to cold air increased exposure to smoke dust and screens As stated above any symptoms like redness pain watering crustingdischarge gritty feeling calls for an eye examinationWhat are the longterm risks if recurring irritations from pollution are ignoredDr Kolte Chronic exposure with recurrent irritation and without proper care can lead to longlasting problems especially in children whose eyes are still developing These can lead to conditions like chronic dry eye syndrome Repeated Conjunctival Inflammation corneal surface damage visual problems etc Chronic ocular discomfort can also affect concentration reading and screen tolerance affecting the childs academic performanceDoes diet or hydration play a role in maintaining eye health during winterDr Kolte Yes diet and hydration play an important role in maintaining healthy eyes especially for children During winters cold air indoor heating and dry winds all reduce moisture in the air which can make eyes dry irritated and more sensitive Nutrition and hydration help strengthen the eyersquos natural defenses and hence makes the ocular surface less compromised to environmental irritantsWhat simple preventive steps can parents take to protect their childrsquos eyes from pollution and smogDr Mehta Here are some steps to protect the eyes1 Encourage eyewashing with clean water after outdoor play2 Keep windows closed during peak pollution hours early morning and evening3 Use indoor air purifiers or houseplants to improve air quality4 Ensure proper hydration as dehydration worsens dryness5 Discourage eye rubbing which can spread infectionWith increased air pollution levels should children limit outdoor playtimeDr Mehta Yes during high AQI days above 200 or visible smog outdoor activity should be limited especially for younger children However moderate play in cleaner air hours late morning or early afternoon is still beneficial Always balance eye and respiratory health with the need for sunlight and exerciseAre protective glasses or eyewear recommended for children in highsmog environmentsDr Mehta Absolutely Wraparound glasses or sunglasses can act as physical barriers against dust smoke and pollutants For children who wear prescription glasses antireflective lenses with UV and dust protection coatings are useful Artificial tears can also help if dryness persistsAre there any common myths about childrenrsquos eye care in winter that you would like to dispelDr Mehta Here are some of the mythsMyth Cold weather canrsquot harm eyesTruth Cold air and low humidity can significantly worsen dryness and irritationMyth Eye drops are only for adultsTruth Preservativefree lubricating drops are safe for children when recommended by a doctorMyth Staying indoors always protects the eyesTruth Indoor heating screens and dust can irritate eyes toomdashbalanced ventilation is key